99% Female Testosterone Anabolic Steroid Pregnenolone Hormone Powder CAS 145-13

99% Female Steroid Pregnenolone Hormone Powder CAS 145-13-1 White Powder

Product Name: Pregnenolone

Synonyms: DELTA5-PREGNEN-3BETA-OL-20-ONE;DELTA5-PREGNEN-3B-OL-20-ONE;DELTA-5-PREGNENE-3B-OL-20-ONE;DELTA5-PREGNENOLONE;1-((3S,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-3-HYDROXY-10,13-DIMETHYL-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-TETRADECAHYDRO-1H-CYCLOPENTA[A]PHENANTHREN-17-YL)-ETHANONE;3BETA-HYDROXY-5-PREGNEN-20-ONE;3BETA-HYDROXYPREGN-5-EN-20-ONE;3b-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one
CAS: 145-13-1
MF: C21H32O2
MW: 316.48
EINECS: 205-647-4

Pregnenolone Biosynthesis

Pregnenolone is synthesized from cholesterol. This conversion involves hydroxylation of the side chain at the C20 and C22 positions, with cleavage of the side chain. The enzyme performing this task is cytochrome P450scc, located in the mitochondria, and controlled by anterior pituitary trophic hormones, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone, in the adrenal glands and gonads. There are two intermediates in the transformation of cholesterol into pregnenolone, 22R-hydroxycholesterol and 20α,22R-dihydroxycholesterol, and all three steps in the transformation are catalyzed by P450scc. To assay conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, radiolabelled cholesterol has been used. Pregnenolone product can be separated from cholesterol substrate using Sephadex LH-20 minicolumns. Pregnenolone is produced mainly in the gonads, adrenal glands, and the brain.

Pregnenolone Biological activity

Pregnenolone and its 3β-sulfate, pregnenolone sulfate, like DHEA, DHEA sulfate, and progesterone, belong to the group of neurosteroids that are found in high concentrations in certain areas of the brain, and are synthesized there. Neurosteroids affect synaptic functioning, are neuroprotective, and enhance myelinization. Pregnenolone and its sulfate ester are under investigation for their potential to improve cognitive and memory functioning. Pregnenolone is also being considered as a potential treatment for schizophrenia.

Although pregnenolone itself does not possess these activities, its metabolite pregnenolone sulfate is a negative allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor as well as a positive allosteric modulator of the NMDA receptor. In addition, pregnenolone sulfate has been shown to activate the transient receptor potential M3 (TRPM3) ion channel in hepatocytes and pancreatic islets causing calcium entry and subsequent insulin release. Pregnenolone is involved in a natural negative feedback loop against CB1 receptor activation in animals. It prevents CB1 receptor agonists like tetrahydrocannabinol, the main active constituent in cannabis, from fully activating the CB1

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